5.7: Calculating Half-Life

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A little dose of chemistry can make a date go from OK to great. It has the magic ability to turn around an awkward evening, get conversation.

One of the isotopes, carbon, is unstable. Living things incorporate carbon carbon, carbon and carbon into their cells until they die. At death, no new carbon is added to the cells, but the radioactive carbon continues to undergo nuclear decay radioactive decay so overtime the amount of carbon in the cells decreases. Radiocarbon dating compares the present ratio of carbon to carbon to determine how long ago the living thing died. Please do not block ads on this website.

Carbon 14 C is produced in the atmosphere by the interaction of neutrons 1 n produced by cosmic rays with the stable isotope of nitrogen, nitrogen 14 N :. The carbon atoms produced are then incorporated into carbon dioxide CO 2 molecules to produce 14 CO 2 molecules which mix with the most common 12 CO 2 molecules in the atmosphere.

The 14 CO 2 enters plant tissue as a result of photosynthesis or absorption through the roots. The amount of 14 C produced in the atmosphere is balanced by the continual nuclear decay radioactive decay of 14 C to produce 14 N and a beta-particle :. Play the game now! When a plant or animal dies it stops taking in carbon and radioactive decay begins to decrease the amount of carbon in the tissues.